Cerebral angiography can be done through various routes Transfemoral – most common trans axillary – rarely used trans carotid – rarely used Why direct puncture of carotid artery
First you can review the Mechanism of normal split in second heart sound In case of small ventricular septal defect, the blood flow through it is not large enough
First you can review the Mechanism of normal split in second heart sound In severe right heart failure, the right ventricle takes a longer time to eject the blood
First you can review the Mechanism of normal split in second heart sound In case of atrial septal defect, the right atrium receives blood from the left atrium
During inspiration the aortic component of the second heart sound is heard about 0.02 to 0.08 seconds before the pulmonary component. The reason is as follows: During inspiration, a
The pulmonary valve remains open for some time even after the right ventricular pressure becomes equal to pulmonary artery pressure at end of systole This time interval is
Atrial fibrillation has been classified into 4 categories based on duration by the American heart association. They are: Paroxysmal AF – Lasting upto 7 days. But usually it
Radiological signs seen in mitral stenosis are: Backward displacement of esophagus by enlarged left atrium (in lateral view X-ray) Enlarged left atrium in AP view X-ray (Blood pools
Cardiac features of carcinoid syndrome are tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary stenosis and right ventricular endocardial plaques These result in heart failure Pattern of cardiac involvement in carcinoid syndrome Serotonin
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