Kussmaul’s sign refers to the inspiratory increase in jugular venous pressure (or central venous pressure) Some sources consider Kussmaul’s sign as the absence of inspiratory fall in jugular
The jugular venous pressure falls during inspiration The mechanism is as follows During inspiration, there is increase in negative intrathoracic pressure This negative pressure is also transmitted into
Air bronchogram refers to the visualisation of air filled bronchus when the surrounding alveoli are opacified Causes: Pulmonary consolidation Pulmonary oedema ARDS Hyaline membrane disease Alveolar cell carcinoma
Ross procedure, also known as aortopulmonary translocation is a procedure used for the treatment of aortic stenosis In this, the patient’s stenotic aortic valve is removed and his
Renal cell carcinoma can occur in a patient with a solitary kidney The current recommendation is to do partial nephrectomy as long as sufficient margin of normal tissue
Ketamine causes stimulation of the cardiovascular system It increases myocardial oxygen demand The hemodynamic changes include increase in Heart rate Cardiac Index Systemic Vascular Resistance Systemic and pulmonary
Parenteral nutrition consists of various macronutrients and micronutrients. They include Dextrose – used as an energy source – concentration ranges from 5-70% Amino acids – used for synthesis
Superior vena caval syndrome refers to the symptoms that arise due to obstruction to the superior vena cava 90% of superior vena caval syndrome is caused by malignancies
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