Necrotising enterocolitis. It is seen mainly in premature infants.

Clostridium perfringens
Previous name of Clostridium prefringens, an anaerobic, spore forming, gram positive bacilli. It causes many conditions such as gas gangrene, food poisoning, gangrenous appendicitis and necrotising enteritis.

Warthin Starry stain demonstrating H.pylori in the gastric mucosa
A silver nitrate stain used as a special stain for demonstrating organisms such as H.Pylori and spirochetes. It is also called Warthin Starry’s silver.

Disease characterised by fever with lymphadenopathy, following a cat scratch. It is caused by Bartonella henselae.

Casuative organism for Cat Scratch Disease, bacilliary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis. It can be identified in lymph node biopsy by Warthin Starry stain.

Also known as five day fever. It was first identified during the First World War. It is caused by Bartonella quintana. It has a prolonged convalesence period resulting in considerable loss of man power. It is very rare now and is occassionally seen associated with poor hygienic conditions.

Causative organism of trench fever/five day fever. Initially it was known as Rickettsia quintana and later as Rochalimaea quintana, and presently placed under Bartonella.

`A small gram negative pleomorphic motile bacilli with a tuft of polar flagella. It causes oroya fever which is characterised by fever and progressive anemia. It invades the erythrocytes. It can be cultivated in blood agar.

A disease caused by Bartonella bacilliformis characterised by fever and progressive anemia. It is found in the mountain areas of Peru, Columbia and Equador. The bacteri invade the erythrocytes. High mortality rate in non treated cases. Survivors develop verruga peruana, a nodular ulcerating skin lesion. 
It is also called Carrion’s disease, in honour of Daniel Carrion, a Peruvian medical student who identified the common etiology of verruga peruana and oroya fever.

Nodular ulcerating skin lesions found in survivors of oroya fever caused by Bartonella bacilliformis. Bartonella can be found within these skin lesions.