Cardiovascular effects of ketamine anesthesia

• Ketamine causes stimulation of the cardiovascular system
• It increases myocardial oxygen demand
• The hemodynamic changes include increase in
  • Heart rate
  • Cardiac Index
  • Systemic Vascular Resistance
  • Systemic and pulmonary artery pressure
• Since ketamine produces hypertension, it is rarely used in hypertensive patients

Reference:
Hypertension: a companion to Brenner and Rector’s the kidney By Suzanne Oparil, Michael A. Weber