Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Most important etiological factors responsible for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
But the proportion of HCC caused by these 2 viruses vary in different parts of the world
China, Taiwan – 80% HCC is due to Hepatitis B virus
United States, Europe – Both Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C contribute equally to the disease
India – Hepatis B is the most common cause of HCC
Other causes – Aflatoxins, Hemochromatosis, Anabolic steroids, Alcohol, Cirrhosis (any etiology)

References:

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer):Causes ; John Hopkins Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in India: a retrospective analysis of 191 cases; QJM: An International Journal of Medicine Volume 101, Issue 6Pp. 479-485