February 2009 « Page 23 of 24

Incendiary bomb

Bomb that is designed to start fires. They produce temperatures of about 1000 degree C. Eg: Napalm, thermite

Blast Lung

The injury to the lungs as a result of the air blast (shockwave) produced by a bomb explosion is referred to as blast lung. Features of blast lung:

Nephrology

Torsemide

It is loop diuretic acting on Na+ K+ 2Cl- Co-transporter in thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. Torsemide vs Frusemide 3 times more potent better oral bioavailability absorbed

Pharmacology

Bumetanide

It is a loop diuretic causing diuresis by acting on the Na+ K+ 2Cl- cotransporters in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle. It useful in pulmonary edema.

Physiology

Na+ K+ 2Cl- Co-transporter

It is a glycoprotein with 12 membrane spanning domains. It is seen in epithelia in various parts of the body and is involved in both absorptive and secretory

Physiology

Free water clearance

It is the amount of water excreted in urine beyond the quantity that is necessary to make urine isosmotic with plasma. For example, in case of hyposmotic urine,

Physiology

Positive free water clearance

It is the amount of water that is excreted in urine per minute in excess of what is necessary to make urine isosmotic with plasma.

Physiology

Osmolal clearance

It is the amount of urine per minute that would be excreted if the urine was isosmotic with plasma. It is calculated by : osmolal clearance =

Nephrology

Loop Diuretics

Loop diuretics – also known as high ceiling diuretics or high efficacy diuretics – are drugs which inhibit Na+ K+ 2Cl- transporters in the thick ascending limb of

Month: February 2009